Phenylalanyl tRNA Synthetase Beta (FARSb)

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta chain is a highly conserved enzyme that belongs to the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase class IIc subfamily. This enzyme comprises the regulatory beta subunits that form a tetramer with two catalytic alpha subunits. In the presence of ATP, this tetramer is responsible for attaching L-phenylalanine to the terminal adenosine of the appropriate tRNA. A pseudogene located on chromosome 10 has been identified.Sequence alignment of FARSB orthologs from multiple species showed conservation of DNA-binding domains and suggested the heterodimer of FARSB and FARSA form a 4-helix bundle interface similar to that seen in Thermus thermophilus. Human FARSB is approximately 200 amino acids shorter than its prokaryotic homologs and does not contain the RNP domain that binds to anticodons.