Sterol-O-Acyltransferase 2 (SOAT2)

Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), also known as sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT), catalyzes the formation of cholesterol esters from long-chain fatty acyl CoA and cholesterol. This gene is a member of a small family of acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases. SOAT2 encodes a membrane-bound enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum that produces intracellular cholesterol esters from long-chain fatty acyl CoA and cholesterol. The cholesterol esters are then stored as cytoplasmic lipid droplets inside the cell. The enzyme is implicated in cholesterol absorption in the intestine and in the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins such as very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known.