Shisa Homolog 3 (SHISA3)

Shisa2 or Shisa3 RNA were injected into each animal blastomere at the four-cell stage. ACs were treated with or without bFGF for 3 hours and the expression of Xbra was analyzed as in D. Overexpression phenotype of Shisa genes. Radial injection of Shisa2 RNA or Shisa3 RNAs into the animal side of each blastomere at the four-cell stage. Embryos receiving a high dose of Shisa2 or Shisa3 RNA exhibited a shortened body axis with an open neural tube and enlarged cement gland (arrowhead), demonstrating that Shisa2 and 3 affect both AP patterning and morphogenetic activities of the Xenopus embryo. Shisa2 and Shisa3 do not have a known ER retention signal, as is also true of Shisa1. In Hek293T cells, however, HA-tagged Shisa2 and Shisa3 specifically localized in the ER.