Calpain, Small Subunit 1 (CAPNS1)

Calpain small subunit 1 is a protein encoded by the CAPNS1 gene.Calpains are a ubiquitous, well-conserved family of calcium-dependent, cysteine proteases. Calpain families have been implicated in neurodegenerative processes, as their activation can be triggered by calcium influx and oxidative stress. Calpain I and II are heterodimeric with distinct large subunits associated with common small subunits, all of which are encoded by different genes. This gene encodes a small subunit common to both calpain I and II and is associated with myotonic dystrophy. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene.Regulatory subunit of the calcium-regulated non- lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyzes limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction.