SET Domain Containing Protein 7 (SETD7)

Methylation of histone H3 at lysine-9 (K9) by SUV39H1 and the subsequent recruitment of heterochromatin protein-1 (HP1) is linked to gene silencing. In addition to K9, H3 methylation also occurs at K4, K27, and K36. SET7 methylates H3-K4 in vitro and in vivo and that methylation of H3-K4 and methylation of H3-K9 inhibit each other. Furthermore, H3-K4 methylation and H3-K9 methylation by SET7 and SUV39H1, respectively, were found to have differential effects on subsequent histone acetylation by p300. This study provided a molecular explanation to the differential effects of H3-K4 and H3-K9 methylation on transcription.Set9 regulates the expression of p53 target genes in a manner dependent on the p53 methylation site.